写在前面
- 分享一些安装 redis 的笔记
- 本篇文章内容涉及： 通过源码编译和yum 安装 redis Demo通过二进制文件和systemd运行 redis 的配置方式服务管理，配置的文件的简单介绍ansible redis 角色ansible-role-redis 编写通过 ansible 自动化安装
![图片[1]-如何在Linux下Redis自动化部署，详细步骤教程-不念博客](https://www.bunian.cn/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/image-243.png "如何在Linux下Redis自动化部署，详细步骤教程")
部署Redis服务
安装包下载： wget https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$wget https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
--2022-10-02 00:36:22-- https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
.........
2022-10-02 00:36:24 (3.64 MB/s) - 已保存 “redis-stable.tar.gz” [3047785/3047785])
解压编译安装
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$tar -xzf redis-stable.tar.gz
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$cd redis-stable/
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$ls
00-RELEASENOTES CONTRIBUTING.md INSTALL README.md runtest-cluster SECURITY.md tests
BUGS COPYING Makefile redis.conf runtest-moduleapi sentinel.conf TLS.md
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md deps MANIFESTO runtest runtest-sentinel src utils
编译 Redis，切换到根目录，然后运行make：
如果编译成功，你会在src目录中找到几个 Redis 二进制文件，包括：
- redis-server : Redis 服务器本身
- redis-cli是与 Redis 对话的命令行界面实用程序。 要在/usr/local/bin中安装这些二进制文件，请运行：make install
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$make
cd src && make all
which: no python3 in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
make[1]: 进入目录“/root/redis-stable/src”
CC Makefile.dep
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/redis-stable/src”
which: no python3 in (/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
make[1]: 进入目录“/root/redis-stable/src”
CC adlist.o
/bin/sh: cc: 未找到命令
make[1]: *** [adlist.o] 错误 127
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/redis-stable/src”
make: *** [all] 错误 2
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$rpm -q gcc || yum -y install gcc
没有 gcc 包，需要安装一下
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$make && make install
........
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' '';)
INSTALL redis-server
INSTALL redis-benchmark
INSTALL redis-cli
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/redis-stable/src”
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
初始化配置
配置服务运行参数 ./utils/install_server.sh 执行源码目录下的初始化脚本
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$./utils/install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
This systems seems to use systemd.
Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!
这里提示退出了，当前系统的引导进程使用的是 systemd所以，redis 不建议通过这样的方式初始化启动。
这里有两种解决办法：
- 需要把导致退出的这个状态码注释掉，脚本就可以顺利执行，通过二进制文件启动
- 使用推荐的 systemd 来管理 redis 服务，做成 Service unit ，通过 systemctl 来管理
当前，作为 Service unit 之后更方便管理，这里我们分别看下
二进制方式
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$vim ./utils/install_server.sh
#bail if this system is managed by systemd
_pid_1_exe="$(readlink -f /proc/1/exe)"
if [ "${_pid_1_exe##*/}" = systemd ]
then
echo "This systems seems to use systemd."
echo "Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!"
#exit 1
运行脚本，默认值即可
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$./utils/install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
This systems seems to use systemd.
Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379]
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port : 6379
Config file : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file : /var/log/redis_6379.log
Data dir : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
生成的配置信息：
- 端口 6379
- 主配置文件 /etc/redis/6379.conf
- 日志文件 /var/log/redis_6379.log
- 数据库目录 /var/lib/redis/6379
- 服务启动程序 /usr/local/bin/redis-server
- 命令行连接命令 /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
Service unit 的方式
这里为了演示，我们换一台机器，下载解压安装包
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$wget https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$tar -xzf redis-stable.tar.gz
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$cd redis-stable/
这里的话需要安装一个 systemd-devel 包，否则 Service 启动会报下面的错 systemd supervision requested or auto-detected, but Redis is compiled without libsystemd support!
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$yum -y install gcc
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$yum -y install systemd-devel
编译移动二进制文件
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$make USE_SYSTEMD=yes && make install
确认二进制文件
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[/usr/local/bin]
└─$ll /usr/local/bin/redis*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5198944 10月 30 15:55 /usr/local/bin/redis-benchmark
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 10月 30 15:55 /usr/local/bin/redis-check-aof -> redis-server
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 10月 30 15:55 /usr/local/bin/redis-check-rdb -> redis-server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5416224 10月 30 15:55 /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 10月 30 15:55 /usr/local/bin/redis-sentinel -> redis-server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11401800 10月 30 15:55 /usr/local/bin/redis-server
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[/usr/local/bin]
└─$
从 安装包的里复制移动相关的单元文件和配置文件
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable/utils]
└─$mv systemd-redis_server.service /etc/systemd/system/redis.service
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable/utils]
└─$cd ..
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$mkdir -p /etc/redis/
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$cp redis.conf /etc/redis/
然后需要修改一下单元文件,这里主要修改了-启动、停止超时时间，加载的redis配置文件位置，设置为守护进程
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl cat redis
# /etc/systemd/system/redis.service
# example systemd service unit file for redis-server
#
# In order to use this as a template for providing a redis service in your
# environment, _at the very least_ make sure to adapt the redis configuration
# file you intend to use as needed (make sure to set "supervised systemd"), and
# to set sane TimeoutStartSec and TimeoutStopSec property values in the unit's
# "[Service]" section to fit your needs.
#
# Some properties, such as User= and Group=, are highly desirable for virtually
# all deployments of redis, but cannot be provided in a manner that fits all
# expectable environments. Some of these properties have been commented out in
# this example service unit file, but you are highly encouraged to set them to
# fit your needs.
#
# Please refer to systemd.unit(5), systemd.service(5), and systemd.exec(5) for
# more information.
[Unit]
Description=Redis data structure server
Documentation=https://redis.io/documentation
#Before=your_application.service another_example_application.service
#AssertPathExists=/var/lib/redis
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf --supervised systemd --daemonize yes
## Alternatively, have redis-server load a configuration file:
#ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /path/to/your/redis.conf
LimitNOFILE=10032
NoNewPrivileges=yes
#OOMScoreAdjust=-900
#PrivateTmp=yes
Type=notify
TimeoutStartSec=30
TimeoutStopSec=30
UMask=0077
#User=redis
#Group=redis
#WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/redis
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
部分启动参数的意思
- supervised systemd -通过写入READY=1到$NOTIFY_SOCKET发送信号systemd
- –daemonize no -默认情况下，Redis不作为守护进程运行。如果需要，请使用yes。注意，当daemonized时，Redis将在/var/run/Redis.pid中写入一个pid文件。
如果之前启动过，修改配置文件需要重新 reload 一下配置文件
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl daemon-reload
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl start redis
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl status redis
● redis.service - Redis data structure server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/redis.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2022-10-30 23:04:52 CST; 10s ago
Docs: https://redis.io/documentation
Main PID: 15816 (redis-server)
Status: "Ready to accept connections"
CGroup: /system.slice/redis.service
└─15816 /usr/local/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
..............
这两种方式我们直接使用 root 来运行的，一般生产环境，出于安全考虑，一般使用 redis 用户来运行
管理redis 服务
二进制文件方式
查看进程和端口
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$ss -nutlp | grep redis
tcp LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6379 *:* users:(("redis-server",pid=10800,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6379 :::* users:(("redis-server",pid=10800,fd=7))
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$ps -C redis-server
PID TTY TIME CMD
10800 ? 00:00:00 redis-server
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$netstat -utnlp | grep :6379
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 10800/redis-server
tcp6 0 0 ::1:6379 :::* LISTEN 10800/redis-server
停止 redis
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$/etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$netstat -utnlp | grep :6379
启动 redis
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$/etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$ps -C redis-server
PID TTY TIME CMD
10842 ? 00:00:00 redis-server
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
Service unit的方式
查看下进程端口相关信息
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$ss -nutpl | grep redis
tcp LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:6379 *:* users:(("redis-server",pid=15896,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 ::1:6379 :::* users:(("redis-server",pid=15896,fd=7))
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$cat /var/run/redis_6379.pid
15816
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$pgrep redis
15816
设置开启自启
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl enable redis --now
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/redis.service to /etc/systemd/system/redis.service.
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
停止服务
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl stop redis.service
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$systemctl status redis.service
● redis.service - Redis data structure server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/redis.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since 日 2022-10-30 23:35:57 CST; 14s ago
Docs: https://redis.io/documentation
Process: 15816 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf --supervised systemd --daemonize yes (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 15816 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Status: "Saving the final RDB snapshot"
.....
连接 redis 服务
查看版本
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$redis-server -v
Redis server v=7.0.5 sha=00000000:0 malloc=libc bits=64 build=7b7dd95daaafae1
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
命令行客户端使用
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(empty array)
127.0.0.1:6379>
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
远程连接
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$redis-cli -h 192.168.26.153 -p 6350 -a liruilong
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface may not be safe.
192.168.26.153:6350> GET *
(nil)
192.168.26.153:6350>
配置文件解析
常用的配置设置
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$cat /etc/redis/6379.conf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$
bind 127.0.0.1 -::1 # 运行监听的IP地址
port 6379 #端口
daemonize yes #是否守护进程
pidfile /var/run/redis_6379.pid # PID 文件位置
loglevel notice #日志级别
logfile /var/log/redis_6379.log #日志位置
databases 16 #数据库个数
maxclients 10000 #客户端最大连接数
dir /var/lib/redis/6379 # 数据库位置
requirepass foobared #连接需要的密码
protected-mode yes #是否为保护模式
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
在默认配置中，Redis 6之后支持 ACL配置，感兴趣小伙伴可以了解下，原来的密码作为默认用户的密码。下面为命令行的一些配置，当然也可以通过配置文件来配置
192.168.26.153:6350> acl list
1) "user default on sanitize-payload #269028aedd888ab588d32aae3061d3d083d4c3d85ccdc3f4c51c5a0f8a53f4e4 ~* &* +@all"
192.168.26.153:6350> acl setuser liruilong
OK
192.168.26.153:6350> acl list
1) "user default on sanitize-payload #269028aedd888ab588d32aae3061d3d083d4c3d85ccdc3f4c51c5a0f8a53f4e4 ~* &* +@all"
2) "user liruilong off resetchannels -@all"
192.168.26.153:6350> acl setuser liruilong on
OK
192.168.26.153:6350> acl setuser liruilong +@all
OK
192.168.26.153:6350> acl list
1) "user default on sanitize-payload #269028aedd888ab588d32aae3061d3d083d4c3d85ccdc3f4c51c5a0f8a53f4e4 ~* &* +@all"
2) "user liruilong on resetchannels +@all"
192.168.26.153:6350> acl setuser liruilong >liruilong
OK
192.168.26.153:6350> auth liruilong liruilong
OK
192.168.26.153:6350> acl list
1) "user default on sanitize-payload #269028aedd888ab588d32aae3061d3d083d4c3d85ccdc3f4c51c5a0f8a53f4e4 ~* &* +@all"
2) "user liruilong on #269028aedd888ab588d32aae3061d3d083d4c3d85ccdc3f4c51c5a0f8a53f4e4 resetchannels +@all"
192.168.26.153:6350>
外部连接redis ，需要更改监听接口，默认情况下 redis 开启了保护模式，只监听本地的回环地址，这里需要修改为网卡地址
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$/etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$sed 's/bind 127.0.0.1/bind 192.168.26.153/g' /etc/redis/6379.conf | grep bind
# By default, if no "bind" configuration directive is specified, Redis listens
# the "bind" configuration directive, followed by one or more IP addresses.
# bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1 # listens on two specific IPv4 addresses
# bind 192.168.26.153 ::1 # listens on loopback IPv4 and IPv6
# bind * -::* # like the default, all available interfaces
# internet, binding to all the interfaces is dangerous and will expose the
# following bind directive, that will force Redis to listen only on the
bind 192.168.26.153 -::1
# Using bind-source-addr it is possible to configure a specific address to bind
# bind-source-addr 10.0.0.1
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$sed 's/bind 127.0.0.1/bind 192.168.26.153/g' /etc/redis/6379.conf -i
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
外网访问，建议修改默认端口
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$sed 's/^port 6379/port 6350/g' /etc/redis/6350.conf | grep "port 6"
port 6350
# tls-port 6379
# cluster-announce-tls-port 6379
# cluster-announce-bus-port 6380
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$sed 's/^port 6379/port 6350/g' /etc/redis/6350.conf -i
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$
添加密码
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$sed '/^# requirepass/c requirepass liruilong' /etc/redis/6350.conf | grep -i 'requirepass'
# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# IMPORTANT NOTE: starting with Redis 6 "requirepass" is just a compatibility
# The requirepass is not compatible with aclfile option and the ACL LOAD
# command, these will cause requirepass to be ignored.
requirepass liruilong
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$sed -i '/^# requirepass/c requirepass liruilong' /etc/redis/6350.conf | grep -i 'requirepass'
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$
重启服务做简单测试,有的时候，我们直接 kill 调进程，作为守护进程， redis 的进程ID 依然存在
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$/etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
/var/run/redis_6379.pid exists, process is already running or crashed
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$cat /var/run/redis_6379.pid
10941
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$rm -rf /var/run/redis_6379.pid
需要删除进程IP文件之后重新启动
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$/etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$/etc/init.d/redis_6379 status
Redis is running (11179)
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$
在156 机器上测试
┌──[root@vms156.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$redis-cli -h 192.168.26.153 -p 6350 -a liruilong
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface may not be safe.
192.168.26.153:6350> GET *
(nil)
192.168.26.153:6350>
涉及内存配置
优化内存策略
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$cat -n /etc/redis/6379.conf | grep -v ^$ | grep -A 15 -m 8 maxmemory
#从物理内存中划分多少内存给redis使用，
#这里没有指定，则代表将本机的所有物理内存交给redis去使用；
1120 # maxmemory <bytes>
#maxmemory-policy 定义当内存空间不足时，删除已存储数据的方式，
#策略为 noeviction，即，即使内存使用完了，也不删除已存储的数据
1149 # maxmemory-policy noeviction
#当使用lru，lfu，ttl 策略时，需要指定key模板的个数，
#默认值为5会产生足够好的结果。10非常接近真实的LRU，但CPU成本更高。3更快，但不是很准确。
1160 # maxmemory-samples 5
#逐出处理设计为在默认设置下运行良好。
#如果写入流量异常大，则可能需要增加值。降低此值可能会降低延迟，但有被逐出的风险处理有效性
#0=最小延迟，10=默认值，100=不考虑延迟的过程
1168 # maxmemory-eviction-tenacity 10
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
内存淘汰策略
maxmemory-policy 配置在内存不足的时候，删除已经存在的数据，对应的删除策略：
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$cat -n /etc/redis/6379.conf | grep -v ^$ | grep -A 10 MAXMEMORY
1122 # MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory
1123 # is reached. You can select one from the following behaviors:
1124 #
1125 # volatile-lru -> Evict using approximated LRU, only keys with an expire set.
1126 # allkeys-lru -> Evict any key using approximated LRU.
1127 # volatile-lfu -> Evict using approximated LFU, only keys with an expire set.
1128 # allkeys-lfu -> Evict any key using approximated LFU.
1129 # volatile-random -> Remove a random key having an expire set.
1130 # allkeys-random -> Remove a random key, any key.
1131 # volatile-ttl -> Remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
1132 # noeviction -> Don't evict anything, just return an error on write operations.
┌──[root@vms153.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/redis-stable]
└─$
具体的描述
- volatile-lru -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，则会在设置了TTL过期时间的变量中选择，删除最近最少使用的key,用于存放新的key;
- allkeys-lru -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，则会在所有的变量中选择，删除最近最少使用的key,用于存放新的key;
- volatile-lfu -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，则会在设置了TTL过期时间的变量中选择，删除使用频率最少的key,用于存放新的key;
- allkeys-lfu -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，则会在所有的变量中选择，删除使用频率最少的key,用于存放新的key;
- volatile-random -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，则会在设置了TTL过期时间的变量中选择，随机删除key,用于存放新的key;
- allkeys-random -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，则会在所有的变量中选择，随机删除key,用于存放新的key;
- volatile-ttl -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，删除最近过期的key;
- noeviction -> 向redis中存入数据时，数据已满，显示报错提示；
自动化部署 ansible Redis 角色编写
初始化一个角色
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$ansible-galaxy init ansible-role-redis --init-path=roles
- Role ansible-role-redis was created successfully
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$ansible-galaxy list
# /root/roles
- ansible-role-redis, (unknown version)
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$
yum 源 问题，这里安装 redis 3 的版本,主任务文件
主任务yaml文件编写
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$cat ansible-role-redis/tasks/main.yml
---
# tasks file for ansible-role-redis
- name: Ensure Redis is installed.
package:
name: "{{ redis_package }}"
state: present
enablerepo: "{{ redis_enablerepo | default(omit, true) }}"
- name: Create a directory redis data
file:
path: "{{ redis_dbdir }}"
state: directory
mode: '0755'
- name: Ensure Redis configuration dir exists.
file:
path: "{{ redis_conf_path | dirname }}"
state: directory
mode: 0755
- name: Ensure Redis is configured.
template:
src: redis.conf.j2
dest: "{{ redis_conf_path }}"
mode: "{{ redis_conf_mode }}"
notify: restart redis
- name: Ensure Redis is running and enabled on boot.
service:
name: "{{ redis_daemon }}"
state: started
enabled: yes
配置文件模板编写
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$cat ansible-role-redis/templates/redis.conf.j2
# {{ ansible_managed }}
# 是否守护进程
daemonize yes
# Pid 文件位置
pidfile /var/run/redis/{{ redis_daemon }}.pid
# 端口
port {{ redis_port }}
# 指定 监听的地址
bind {{ redis_bind_interface }}
# 指定Unix套接字的路径
{% if redis_unixsocket %}
unixsocket {{ redis_unixsocket }}
{% endif %}
# 在客户闲置N秒后关闭连接（0表示禁用）
timeout {{ redis_timeout }}
# 日志级别和文件位置
loglevel {{ redis_loglevel }}
logfile {{ redis_logfile }}
# To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes,
# and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.
# syslog-enabled no
# syslog-ident redis
# syslog-facility local0
# 数据库个数
databases {{ redis_databases }}
# 写入磁盘配置
{% for save in redis_save %}
save {{ save }}
{% endfor %}
rdbcompression {{ redis_rdbcompression }}
dbfilename {{ redis_dbfilename }}
dir {{ redis_dbdir }}
# maxclients 128
# 内存大小，淘汰策略，对应Key的模板个数
{% if redis_maxmemory %}
maxmemory {{ redis_maxmemory }}
maxmemory-policy {{ redis_maxmemory_policy }}
maxmemory-samples {{ redis_maxmemory_samples }}
{% endif %}
# 开启 AOF 持久化，持久化频率。是否考虑缓存
appendonly {{ redis_appendonly }}
appendfsync {{ redis_appendfsync }}
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
# 包含的配文件
{% for include in redis_includes %}
include {{ include }}
{% endfor %}
# 密码配置
{% if redis_requirepass %}
requirepass {{ redis_requirepass }}
{% endif %}
# 命令从命令
{% for redis_disabled_command in redis_disabled_commands %}
rename-command {{ redis_disabled_command }} ""
{% endfor %}
#
{{ redis_extra_config }}
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$
默认变量设置
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$cat ansible-role-redis/defaults/main.yml
---
redis_package: redis
redis_daemon: redis
redis_conf_path: /etc/redis.conf
redis_conf_mode: 0644
redis_enablerepo: epel
redis_port: 6379
redis_bind_interface: 127.0.0.1
redis_unixsocket: ''
redis_timeout: 300
redis_loglevel: "notice"
redis_logfile: /var/log/redis/redis-server.log
redis_databases: 16
# Set to an empty set to disable persistence (saving the DB to disk).
redis_save:
- 900 1
- 300 10
- 60 10000
redis_rdbcompression: "yes"
redis_dbfilename: dump.rdb
redis_dbdir: /var/lib/redis
redis_maxmemory: 0
redis_maxmemory_policy: "noeviction"
redis_maxmemory_samples: 5
redis_appendonly: "no"
redis_appendfsync: "everysec"
# Add extra include files for local configuration/overrides.
redis_includes: []
# Require authentication to Redis with a password.
redis_requirepass: ""
# Disable certain Redis commands for security reasons.
redis_disabled_commands: []
# - FLUSHDB
# - FLUSHALL
# - KEYSls
# - PEXPIRE
# - DEL
# - CONFIG
# - SHUTDOWN
# - BGREWRITEAOF
# - BGSAVE
# - SAVE
# - SPOP
# - SREM
# - RENAME
# - DEBUG
redis_extra_config: ""
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$
handle 处理器编写
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$cat ansible-role-redis/handlers/main.yml
---
# handlers file for ansible-role-redis
- name: restart redis
service:
name: "{{ redis_daemon }}"
state: restarted
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles]
└─$
测试角色
测试剧本yaml文件
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$cat redistest.yaml
---
- hosts: localhost
roles:
- ansible-role-redis
运行角色
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$ansible-playbook redistest.yaml
PLAY [localhost] **************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]
TASK [ansible-role-redis : Ensure Redis is installed.] ************************************************
changed: [localhost]
TASK [ansible-role-redis : Create a directory redis data] *********************************************
changed: [localhost]
TASK [ansible-role-redis : Ensure Redis configuration dir exists.] ************************************
ok: [localhost]
TASK [ansible-role-redis : Ensure Redis is configured.] ***********************************************
changed: [localhost]
TASK [ansible-role-redis : Ensure Redis is running and enabled on boot.] ******************************
changed: [localhost]
RUNNING HANDLER [ansible-role-redis : restart redis] **************************************************
changed: [localhost]
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************
localhost : ok=7 changed=5 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
查看运行状态
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$systemctl status redis
● redis.service - Redis persistent key-value database
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/redis.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/redis.service.d
└─limit.conf
Active: active (running) since 日 2022-11-06 23:44:47 CST; 6s ago
Process: 86146 ExecStop=/usr/libexec/redis-shutdown (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 86161 (redis-server)
CGroup: /system.slice/redis.service
└─86161 /usr/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
11月 06 23:44:47 vms152.liruilongs.github.io systemd[1]: Stopped Redis persistent key-value database.
11月 06 23:44:47 vms152.liruilongs.github.io systemd[1]: Starting Redis persistent key-value data.....
11月 06 23:44:47 vms152.liruilongs.github.io systemd[1]: Started Redis persistent key-value database.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$
时间关系，通过源码安装的角色这里没有完成，下面是安装的剧本编写，感兴趣小伙伴可以研究下
┌──[root@vms152.liruilongs.github.io]-[~/roles/ansible-role-redis/tasks]
└─$cat install_Compile.yaml
---
# tasks file for ansible-role-redis
- name: Download redis to dir /tmp
get_url:
url: https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
dest: /tmp/
mode: 777
force: yes
- name: Extract archive
unarchive:
# 2.9 version
# src: https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
src: /tmp/redis-stable.tar.gz
dest: /tmp/
# remote_src: yes
remote_src: no
- name: Dependency Package Install
yum:
name:
- gcc
- systemd-devel
state: present
- name: Compile and install redis
shell: 'cd /tmp/redis-stable/;make USE_SYSTEMD=yes && make install'
- name: delete redis-stable.tar.gz
file:
path: "{{ item }}"
state: absent
loop:
- /tmp/redis-stable
- /tmp/redis-stable.tar.gz
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