用ENSP模拟二层交换机和三层交换机分别与防火墙对接上网配置过程

在配置案例之前，先对二层交换机和三层交换机做个简单比较，如下图：

这样，交换机在局域网中的应用常分为两种：

• 作为二层交换机使用，为多个用户划分VLAN，实现同网段数据访问。
• 作为三层交换机使用，部署用户的网关，实现跨网段数据访问。

第一部分：二层交换机与防火墙对接上网

1.应用场景

如下图，交换机Switch和防火墙对接，使用户PC1-PC2和PC3-PC4可以实现上网功能。

交换机是二层交换机，仅能实现二层转发。

2.配置思路

3.配置过程

3.1交换机配置步骤

交换机的配置过程共分2步：

第一步：配置下行连接用户的接口

创建VLAN10和20，将接口Ethernet0/0/1-2加入vlan10，将Ethernet0/0/3-4加入vlan20：

[SWITCH]vlan batch 10 20
[SWITCH]interface Ethernet0/0/1
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/1]interface Ethernet0/0/2
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 10
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/2]int Ethernet0/0/3
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/3]int Ethernet0/0/4
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20
[SWITCH-Ethernet0/0/4]quit
[SWITCH]

第二步：配置上行连接防火墙的接口

[SWITCH]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[SWITCH-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SWITCH-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[SWITCH-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[SWITCH]

3.2防火墙是三层接口的配置

防火墙的接口作为三层口，通过配置子接口终结VLAN进行通信的配置。

第一步：配置终结子接口

[USG6000]vlan batch 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[USG6000]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.1
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.1]vlan-type dot1q 10
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.1]ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.1]quit
 
[USG6000]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.2
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.2]vlan-type dot1q 20
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.2]ip address 192.168.20.1 24
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.2]quit
[USG6000]

第二步：配置DHCP和DNS功能

这里防火墙为内网有户提供IP地址，所以配置DHCP和DNS功能，为内网用户分配IP地址和指定DNS服务器地址。

[USG6000]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.

[USG6000]int GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.1
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.1]dhcp select interface
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.1]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.1]quit
 
[USG6000]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.2
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.2]dhcp select interface
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.2]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3.2]quit
[USG6000]

第三步：将接口加入安全区域

[USG6000]firewall zone trust
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.1
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3.2
[USG6000-zone-trust]quit

[USG6000]firewall zone untrust
[USG6000-zone-untrust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-zone-untrust]quit
[USG6000]

第四步：配置公网接口的IP地址和静态路由

[USG6000]int GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]quit
[USG6000]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.254
[USG6000]

第五步：配置域安全策略

配置安全策略，允许域间互访

[USG6000]security-policy
[USG6000-policy-security]rule name trust-to-untrust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-address 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-zone trust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]destination-zone untrust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]action permit
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]quit
[USG6000-policy-security]quit
[USG6000]

第六步：配置NAT功能

[USG6000]nat-policy
[USG6000-policy-nat]rule name mypolicy_nat_01
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_01]source-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_01]source-address 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_01]source-zone trust
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_01]egress-interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_01]action source-nat easy-ip
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_01]quit
[USG6000-policy-nat]quit
[USG6000]

以上已经配置完毕，下面3.3和3.2是两种不同的方法。

3.3防火墙是二层接口的配置

第一步：配置VLANIF接口

[USG6000]vlan batch 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[USG6000]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3]portswitch
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3]port link-type trunk
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3]quit

[USG6000]interface vlanif10
[USG6000-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-Vlanif10]quit
[USG6000]interface vlanif20
[USG6000-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-Vlanif20]quit
[USG6000]

第二步：配置DHCP和DNS功能

配置DHCP，为内网用户分配IP地址和指定DNS服务器地址。

[USG6000]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[USG6000]interface vlanif 10
[USG6000-Vlanif10]dhcp select interface
[USG6000-Vlanif10]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[USG6000-Vlanif10]quit
[USG6000]interface vlanif 20
[USG6000-Vlanif20]dhcp select interface
[USG6000-Vlanif20]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[USG6000-Vlanif20]quit
[USG6000]

第三步：将接口加入安全域

[USG6000]firewall zone trust
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface vlanif 10
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface vlanif 20
[USG6000-zone-trust]quit
[USG6000]firewall zone untrust
[USG6000-zone-untrust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-zone-untrust]quit
[USG6000]

第四步：配置公网接口的IP地址和静态路由

[USG6000]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]quit
[USG6000]ip route-st 
[USG6000]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.254
[USG6000]

第五步：配置域安全策略

配置安全策略，允许域间互访

[USG6000]security-policy
[USG6000-policy-security]rule name trust-to-untrust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-address 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-zone trust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]destination-zone untrust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]action permit
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]quit
[USG6000-policy-security]quit
[USG6000]

第六步：配置NAT功能

[USG6000]nat-policy
[USG6000-policy-nat]rule name mypolicy_nat_02
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_02]source-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_02]source-address 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_02]source-zone trust
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_02]egress-interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_02]action source easy-ip
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mypolicy_nat_02]quit
[USG6000-policy-nat]

第二部分：三层交换机与防火墙对接上网

1.应用场景

交换机Switch和防火墙对接，使用户PC1-PC4可以实现上网功能。

交换机是三层交换机，可以完成跨网段数据转发。

2.配置思路

3.配置过程

3.1交换机的配置步骤

第一步：配置连接用户的接口和对应的VLANIF接口

[HXSW]vlan batch 10 20
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[HXSW]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[HXSW]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 10
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
 
[HXSW]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[HXSW]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/4
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit

[HXSW]int vlanif10
[HXSW-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
[HXSW-Vlanif10]quit
[HXSW]int vlanif20
[HXSW-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.20.1 24
[HXSW-Vlanif20]quit
[HXSW]

第二步：配置连接防火墙的接口和对应的VLANIF接口

[HXSW]vlan 100
[HXSW-vlan100]quit

[HXSW]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/24
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type access
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port default vlan 100
[HXSW-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]quit

[HXSW]interface vlanif100
[HXSW-Vlanif100]ip address 10.10.250.2 24
[HXSW-Vlanif100]quit
[HXSW]

第三步：配置dhcp服务

[HXSW]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[HXSW]interface vlanif10
[HXSW-Vlanif10]dhcp select interface 
[HXSW-Vlanif10]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[HXSW-Vlanif10]quit

[HXSW]interface vlanif20
[HXSW-Vlanif20]dhcp select interface 
[HXSW-Vlanif20]dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[HXSW-Vlanif20]quit
[HXSW]

第四步：配置缺省路由

[HXSW]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.250.1
[HXSW]

3.2防火墙配置步骤

第一步：配置连接交换机的接口对应的IP地址

[USG6000]interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3]ip address 10.10.250.1 24
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/3]quit
[USG6000]

第二步：配置连接公网接口的IP地址

[USG6000]int GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[USG6000-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]quit
[USG6000]

第三步：配置缺省路由和回程路由

[USG6000]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.254
[USG6000]ip route-static 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.10.250.2
[USG6000

第四步：将接口加入安全区域

[USG6000]firewall zone trust
[USG6000-zone-trust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[USG6000-zone-trust]quit
[USG6000]firewall zone untrust
[USG6000-zone-untrust]add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-zone-untrust]quit
[USG6000]

第五步：配置安全策略

[USG6000]security-policy 
[USG6000-policy-security]rule name trust-to-untrust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-address 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]source-zone trust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]destination-zone untrust
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]action permit
[USG6000-policy-security-rule-trust-to-untrust]quit
[USG6000-policy-security]quit
[USG6000]

第六步：配置NAT功能

[USG6000]nat-policy 
[USG6000-policy-nat]rule name mynat
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mynat]source-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mynat]source-address 192.168.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mynat]source-zone trust
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mynat]egress-interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mynat]action source easy-ip
[USG6000-policy-nat-rule-mynat]quit
[USG6000-policy-nat]quit
[USG6000]

4.测试结果

不同VLAN主机获得IP地址

不同VLAN主机PING外网